130 research outputs found
Multi-Frequency Magnonic Logic Circuits for Parallel Data Processing
We describe and analyze magnonic logic circuits enabling parallel data
processing on multiple frequencies. The circuits combine bi-stable (digital)
input/output elements and an analog core. The data transmission and processing
within the analog part is accomplished by the spin waves, where logic 0 and 1
are encoded into the phase of the propagating wave. The latter makes it
possible to utilize a number of bit carrying frequencies as independent
information channels. The operation of the magnonic logic circuits is
illustrated by numerical modeling. We also present the estimates on the
potential functional throughput enhancement and compare it with scaled CMOS.
The described multi-frequency approach offers a fundamental advantage over the
transistor-based circuitry and may provide an extra dimension for the Moor's
law continuation. The shortcoming and potentials issues are also discussed
Electron Spin for Classical Information Processing: A Brief Survey of Spin-Based Logic Devices, Gates and Circuits
In electronics, information has been traditionally stored, processed and
communicated using an electron's charge. This paradigm is increasingly turning
out to be energy-inefficient, because movement of charge within an
information-processing device invariably causes current flow and an associated
dissipation. Replacing charge with the "spin" of an electron to encode
information may eliminate much of this dissipation and lead to more
energy-efficient "green electronics". This realization has spurred significant
research in spintronic devices and circuits where spin either directly acts as
the physical variable for hosting information or augments the role of charge.
In this review article, we discuss and elucidate some of these ideas, and
highlight their strengths and weaknesses. Many of them can potentially reduce
energy dissipation significantly, but unfortunately are error-prone and
unreliable. Moreover, there are serious obstacles to their technological
implementation that may be difficult to overcome in the near term.
This review addresses three constructs: (1) single devices or binary switches
that can be constituents of Boolean logic gates for digital information
processing, (2) complete gates that are capable of performing specific Boolean
logic operations, and (3) combinational circuits or architectures (equivalent
to many gates working in unison) that are capable of performing universal
computation.Comment: Topical Revie
Magnetoelectric Spin Wave Amplifier for Spin Wave Logic Circuits
We propose and analyze a spin wave amplifier aimed to enhance the amplitude
of the propagating spin wave via the magnetoelectric effect. The amplifier is a
two-layer multiferroic structure, which comprises piezoelectric and
ferromagnetic materials. By applying electric field to the piezoelectric layer,
the stress is produced. In turn, the stress changes the direction of the easy
axis in the ferromagnetic layer and the direction of the anisotropy field. The
rotation frequency of the easy axis is the same as the frequency of the spin
wave propagating through the ferromagnetic layer. As a result of this two-stage
process, the amplitude of the spin wave can be amplified depending on the angle
of the easy axis rotation. We present results of numerical simulations
illustrating the operation of the proposed amplifier. According to numerical
estimates, the amplitude of the spin wave signal can be increased by several
orders of magnitude. The energy efficiency of the electric-to-magnetic power
conversion is discussed. The proposed amplifier preserves the phase of the
initial signal, which is important for application to logic circuits based on
spin waves
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